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Documentation

How to cite Infomap

Most papers using Infomap cite two things: the software package, which credits the implementation and version, and the map equation paper, which credits the method.

Software

v2.10.1

Use this citation when you refer to Infomap as software, especially when reproducibility depends on the package or release version.

@misc{mapequation2101software,
  title        = {{The MapEquation software package}},
  author       = {Edler, Daniel and Holmgren, Anton and Rosvall, Martin},
  howpublished = {\url{https://mapequation.org}},
  version      = {2.10.1},
  year         = {2026},
}

Original map equation paper

Use this citation when you describe the map equation method, random-walk coding, or the algorithmic idea behind Infomap.

@article{rosvall2008maps,
  title   = {Maps of random walks on complex networks reveal community structure},
  author  = {Rosvall, Martin and Bergstrom, Carl T.},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  volume  = {105},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {1118--1123},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1073/pnas.0706851105},
}

Other publications

Cite feature-specific papers too when they describe the model you use, such as memory, multilayer, or higher-order network flows.

Tutorial

Community Detection with the Map Equation and Infomap: Theory and Applications

Smiljanić, Blöcker, Holmgren, Edler, Neuman & Rosvall · ACM Computing Surveys, 2026

Publication
Memory / multilayer

Mapping higher-order network flows in memory and multilayer networks with Infomap

Edler, Bohlin & Rosvall · Algorithms, 2017

Publication
Flow modeling

Mapping change in large networks

Rosvall & Bergstrom · PLoS ONE, 2010

Publication
Map equation

The map equation

Rosvall, Axelsson & Bergstrom · European Physical Journal Special Topics, 2009

Publication